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Woman’s  Baptist 
Foreign  Missionary  Society 

Of  California. 


1875 


1893 


Seventeen  Years’  History 

OF  THE 

Woman’s  Baptist 
Foreign  Missionary  Society 

Of  California. 

BY 

Miss  Clara  P.  Hull. 

Price,  -  10  Cents. 


w.  g. 

Organized  1875. 


p.  !V[.  g.  OF  (?9L. 

Incorporated  1886. 


Seventeen  years. 


The  first  movement  towards  the  formation  of  a  Woman’s 
Baptist  Missionary  Society  in  California,  was  at  an  as- 
sociational  gathering  at  the  First  Baptist  Church  of  San 
Francisco,  in  October,  1874,  when  Rev.  0.  W.  Gates,  then 
pastor  of  the  San  Diego  Church,  on  behalf  of  the  ladies 
present,  made  a  public  presentation  of  the  plans  to  form 
a  Society  in  the  interests  of  foreign  missions.  The  in¬ 
terest  aroused  at  that  time  resulted  in  the  organization  of 
a  Society  at  the  First  Baptist  Church  of  San  Franciso, 
October  14,  1874.  The  ladies  felt  that  the  formation  of 
the  Society  was  due  largely  to  the  zeal  and  efforts  of  Mrs. 
Thorndike  Jameson,  and  she  was  elected  President  of  the 
Society;  but  she  declined  to  accept  the  office,  and  Mrs. 
B.  S.  McLafferty  was  elected  to  fill  the  vacancy.  The 
other  officers  elected  were :  Vice-Presidents — Mesdames 
0.  W.  Gates,  J.  Pierce,  C.  L.  Fisher,  G.  W.  Green;  Re¬ 
cording  Secretary,  Mrs.  D.  K.  Woodbridge;  Corresponding- 
Secretary,  Mrs.  F.  M.  Conro;  Treasurer,  Mrs.  M.  E. 
Wattson;  Executive  Board,  Mesdames  J.  C.  Ayers,  I.  S. 
Kalloch,  C.  E.  Davis,  C.  P.  Heath,  E.  B.  Hulbert  C.  T. 
Garthwaite,  A.  R.  Cogswell,  L.  Dam  and  Hilton. 

It  was  the  earnest  desire  of  the  founders  of  the  Society 
that  the  whole  Pacific  Coast  might  be  united  in  this 


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work,  and  this  desire  was  manifested  in  the  choice  of  a 

name _ “Woman’s  Baptist  Missionary  Society  of  the  Pacific 

Coast.”  After  perfecting  the  organization  the  first  duty  be¬ 
fore  the  Society  was  to  secure  the  co-operation  of  the 
churches  in  Washington  Territory,  Oregon,  Nevada  and 
throughout  our  own  State. 

In  Central  California  the  first  churches  to  identify 
themselves  with  the  new  organization  were  the  First, 
Fifth  and  Metropolitan  of  San  Francisco;  First,  Oakland, 
East  Oakland  and  First,  Sacramento.  Southern  California 
was  represented  by  San  Diego  and  vicinity.  And  the  lec- 
ords  show  that  the  Los  Angeles  Association  was  the  first 
Association  to  give  a  collection  to  the  young  Society  .  At 
first  California  stood  alone,  but  before  the  close  of  the  first 
year  Washington  Territory  allied  itself  with  the  organiza¬ 
tion,  being  represented  by  two  churches,  Seattle  and 
Olympia;  and  Nevada  was  represented  by  an  individual 
contribution.  Up  to  this  time  the  Society  had  been  an 
independent  organization,  as  it  was  not  deemed  wise  to 
ask  official  recognition  of  the  Missionary  Union  until 
there  was  evidence  of  an  effort  at  united  laboi  on  the  part 
of  the  churches  of  the  Coast.  But  the  early  response  of 
Washington  Territory  so  encouraged  the  Executive  Board 
that  they  felt  the  time  had  come  for  such  recognition, 
accordingly  the  request  was  made,  and  before  the  close  of 
the  first  year  the  Society  became  auxiliary  to  our  National 
Society.  It  was  hardly  to  be  expected  that  the  first  year  s 
existence  of  the  Society  would  accomplish  much  more 
than  put  the  missionary  machinery  in  motion,  but  the 
first  Annual  Report  shows  the  Treasurers  receipts  to  be 


o 


$266.90;  the  work  accomplished  being  the  support  of  one 
Bible  woman  and  help  in  the  erection  of  a  building  for  the 
school  under  the  care  of  Mrs.  Arthur  and  Miss  Kidder  in 
Tokio,  Japan. 

But  a  greater  work  was  accomplished  than  appears  in 
the  report — a  beginning  had  been  made  in  the  interests  of 
foreign  missions,  seed  had  been  planted  which  has  been 
hearing  fruit  all  these  years  in  increasing  harvests.  In 
the  second  year  Oregon  joined  the  sisterhood,  and  the 
Society  was  in  reality,  as  well  as  in  name  a  “  Pacific  Coast 
Society.”  At  the  close  of  this  year  the  reports  showed 
some  progress,  Washington,  Oregon  and  California  were 
united  in  the  work,  new  Circles  had  been  formed  and  the 
receipts  of  the  treasury  had  increased  over  fifty  per  cent. 
The  record  of  these  two  years,  tells  the  story  of  the  next 
six  years.  Year  by  year  the  work  became  more  systema¬ 
tized.  Through  untiring  efforts  an  interest  in  the  work 
was  aroused  in  places  where  before  there  had  been  only 
indifference  to  the  claims  of  foreign  missions.  This 
awakened  interest  brought  new  workers  into  line,  and  so 
from  year  to  year  the  Secretary  and  Treasurer  were  enabled 
to  report  slight  gains  over  the  preceding  year.  Each 
succeeding  year  a  few  more  dollars  in  the  treasury,  a  few 
more  Bible  women  supported,  a  few  more  missions  aided. 
To  those  not  interested  in  foreign  missions  a  monotonous 
story  of  much  work  with  small  results.  But  to  the  earnest, 
devoted  worker  the  added  dollars,  though  few,  the  sending 
out  of  one  additional  Bible  woman,  the  maintaining  of  one 
mission  all  meant  the  spread  of  the  Gospel  among  the 
dark  homes  where  heathenism  held  sway.  One  of  the 


6 


Secretaries  in  reviewing  the  work  of  these  eight  years, 
says,  “I  have  been  struck  with  the  similarity  of  their 
story,  a  tale  of  eager  endeavor  and  patient  waiting,  so  pro¬ 
longed  that  the  casual  reader  might  cease  to  expect  any 
bright  side  to  the  story.”  But  there  was  a  bright  side  to 
the  storv  for  the  records  show  that  through  all  the  dis- 
couragements  of  pioneer  work  those  early  workers  were 
faithful,  patient  and  hopeful;  and  to-day  we  recognize  the 
fact  that  their  faith  and  faithfulness  has  been  honored  of 
God  by  a  steady  growth  in  the  Society,  and  an  increase  in 
the  work  it  has  been  enabled  to  accomplish. 

For  the  first  eight  years  the  work  of  the  Society  had 
been  largely  in  aiding  mission  schools  and  supporting 
Bible  women,  much  of  the  money  sent  to  the  treasury 
being  designated  for  these  special  uses  by  the  Circles  and 
Bands  sending  it.  The  Society  as  a  whole  had  had  no 
special  work,  and  there  began  to  be  a  strongly  expressed 
desire,  on  the  part  of  individuals  and  Circles,  for  a  specific 
object  for  which  to  work.  The  members  of  the  Executive 
Board  were  not  indifferent  to  this  plea,  but  they  were 
hampered  by  the  designating  of  funds  on  the  part  of 
Circles,  so  were  powerless  to  assume  greater  obligations. 
For  years  it  had  been  the  earnest  desire  of  the  Society  to 
support  a  missionary,  who  should  be  its  representative  on 
the  foreign  field.  But  the  receipts  of  the  treasury  had  not 
warranted  such  expenditure.  And  just  when  it  seemed 
possible  for  the  Society  to  take  a  step  in  this  direction, 
Washington  and  Oregon  withdrew  from  the  organization, 
feeling  they  could  accomplish  more  by  forming  independ¬ 
ent  Societies.  So,  in  1883,  California  once  more  stood 


alone — a  State  Society.  At  first  it  was  feared  the  with¬ 
drawal  of  these  Northern  States  would  cripple  the  work  on 
the  Coast,  but  time  has  proven  the  fears  unfounded. 
Fortunately  for  the  interests  of  the  work,  just  at  this  time 
Miss  Adele  Fielde  of  Swatow  visited  the  Coast,  and  her 
earnest  words  inspired  each  of  the  three  Societies  with 
renewed  zeal.  Oregon,  Washington  and  California  all 
united,  had  felt  unequal  to  assuming  the  support  of  a 
missionary,  now  each  State  independently  began  to  con¬ 
sider  the  question  of  having  a  representative  on  the 
foreign  field.  It  seemed  to  the  Executive  Board  of  our 
own  Society,  that  the  time  had  come  for  California  to 
make  this  advance  in  her  work.  The  enthusiasm  aroused 
by  Miss  Fielde’s  visit  seemed  to  remove  all  obstacles  in  the 
way  of  sending  out  a  missionary,  but  the  Board  fully 
realized  that  in  taking  such  action  they  would  be  assum¬ 
ing  a  great  and  solemn  responsibility.  Circulars  were 
sent  to  all  auxiliaries,  placing  the  question  before  them, 
and  asking  for  expressions  of  opinion  in  regard  to  the 
matter.  The  responses  were  almost  unanimous  in  their 
endorsement  of  such  action,  and  the  Circles  pledged  them¬ 
selves  to  stand  by  the  Board  should  the  Society  assume 
this  new  obligation.  Miss  Fielde’s  vivid  picture  of  the 
needs  of  China  had  turned  all  thoughts  towards  that 
land,  and  it  was  determined  to  send  a  missionary  to  Swa¬ 
tow.  But  before  California  could  raise  the  necessary 
funds,  the  urgent  call  from  Swatow  was  responded  to  by 
Oregon,  and  Miss  Minnie  A.  Buzzell  was  sent  to  that  field. 
The  immediate  need  of  that  station  being  provided  for, 
correspondence  was  opened  with  the  Missionary  Union  in 


8 


regard  to  another  field.  Letters  in  reply  directed  attention 
to  the  new  undertaking  in  Africa.  The  Missionary  Union 
had  just  accepted  the  gift  of  the  “  Guiness  Mission,”  a 
number  of  stations  on  the  Congo,  all  well  equipped  with 
buildings  and  workers.  The  work  had  been  successful  in 
the  face  of  many  difficulties  and  discouragements,  but  it 
had  out-grown  the  financial  ability  of  Dr.  and  Mrs. 
Guiness  to  carry  it  on,  and  they  had  asked  the  the  Baptists 
of  the  United  States  to  take  it  under  their  fostering  care, 
that  it  might  not  be  abandoned. 

The  assuming  of  this  great  work  by  the  Missionary 
Union  necessitated  the  immediate  providing  for  the  work¬ 
ers  already  on  the  field,  and  the  Baptist  women  of  Califor¬ 
nia  were  asked  to  assume  the  support  of  Miss  Jessie 
Skakle,  who  was  stationed  at  Mukimbungu,  on  the  Congo. 
In  response  to  this  request  of  the  Missionary  Union  our 
Society  assumed  the  support  of  Miss  Skakle,  and  for  four 
years  she  was  maintained  as  our  representative.  During 
the  last  year  of  this  time  she  married  Rev.  Mr.  Billington, 
a  missionary  on  the  same  field,  and  it  was  found  that  the 
amount  forwarded  to  the  Missionary  Union  for  the  sup¬ 
port  would  have  to  be  credited  upon  her  husband’s  salary, 
she  herself  drawing  no  salary.  This  was  the  usual  course 
under  such  circumstances.  Virtually  we  were  supporting 
Mrs.  Billington,  but  of  course  the  reports  could  not  credit 
California  with  her  individual  support.  The  watchword 
of  the  Society  had  long  been  “  woman’s  work  for  woman,” 
and  many  felt  that  in  contributing  to  the  support  of  a 
minister  the  Society  was  turning  aside  from  its  legitimate 
line  of  work;  others  felt  that  perhaps  a  greater  activity  in 


9 


the  work  might  he  obtained  could  we  send  out  a  lady  from 
our  own  State,  choosing  her  field  nearer  home,  China  or 
Japan.  These  views  were  so  generally  and  so  strongly 
expressed,  that  the  Executive  Board  deemed  it  wise  to  rec¬ 
ommend  the  Society  to  sever  its  connection  with  Mrs. 
Billington.  With  sincere  regret  such  action  was  taken, 
for  all  had  become  deeply  interested  in  Mrs.  Billington 
and  in  her  work.  The  Executive  Board  now  found  them¬ 
selves  facing  an  emergency;  they  felt  the  interests  of  the 
work  demanded  prompt  action,  and  yet  the  importance  of 
the  case  forbade  hasty  action.  During  this  trial  hour  Dr. 
William  Ashmore,  of  Swatow,  visited  the  State  and  greatly 
aided  the  Board  by  his  words  of  wisdom.  He  gave  a 
broad  interpretation  to  the  phrase — “  woman’s  work  for 
woman,”  and  urged  that  we  recognize  the  fact  that  heathen 
women  were  as  surely  elevated  by  the  preaching  of  the 
minister,  as  by  the  teaching  of  the  lady  missionary;  he 
further  urged  that  in  sending  out  a  minister  and  his  wife 
we  would  be  enlarging  our  field  of  work.  The  Society 
recognized  the  wisdom  of  this  advice,  and  after  much 
deliberation  and  prayer,  resolutions  were  adopted  which 
placed  the  Society  in  the  position  to  extend  its  line  of 
work  should  the  opportunity  offer.  Soon  after  this  Bev. 
J.  S.  Norvell  and  wife  offered  themselves  to  the  Executive 
Board  to  go  to  China.  This  application  so  soon  after  the 
adoption  of  the  resolutions  seemed  to  be  God’s  seal  of 
approval  of  that  action.  Mrs.  Norvell  was  well  equipped 
for  the  work;  she  was  a  graduate  of  the  Chicago  Training 
School,  and  previous  to  her  marriage  had  labored  very 
successfully  among  the  Chinese  in  San  Francisco.  Mr. 


10 


Nor  veil  had  been  engaged  in  Evangelistic  work  through¬ 
out  the  State,  and  was  well  known  to  many  of  the  Board. 
To  send  out  hvo  missionaries  meant  we  must  double  the 
receipts  of  the  treasury,  but  the  opportunity  to  send  two 
seemed  an  indication  of  God’s  will  in  the  matter.  The 
obligation  was  assumed,  and  in  January,  1889,  Mr.  and 
Mrs.  Norvell  sailed  for  China  under  appoint  of  the  Mission¬ 
ary  Union,  our  Society  pledging  their  support.  Laboring 
first  at  Swatow,  they  afterwards  went  to  tbeHakka  district. 
In  a  few  months  after  they  reached  their  field  the  Executive 
Board  was  notified  that  Miss  L.  Adele  Phillips  of  Los 
Angeles  had  consecrated  herself  to  foreign  missions,  and 
desired  to  go  to  Japan,  under  the  auspices  of  California. 
Once  more  the  door  of  opportunity  stood  open  before  our 
Society.  Miss  Phillips  was  an  earnest,  active  worker  in 
the  First  Baptist  Church  of  Los  Angeles,  and  after  determ¬ 
ining  to  become  a  missionary,  had  fitted  herself  for  the 
work  by  a  special  course  of  study  under  the  direction 
of  her  pastor,  Rev.  Daniel  Read. 

The  Society  was  not  in  a  position  to  open  a  new  station, 
so  Miss  Phillips  was  designated  to  Sendai,  in  1889.  In 
1891,  she  went  to  Tokio  to  continue  her  study  of  the 
language,  and  do  such  work  as  she  could  until  her  perma¬ 
nent  station  was  determined. 

In  October,  1890,  Miss  M.  K.  Scott  went  to  Swatow  to 
join  her  mother,  who  had  gone  there  as  a  medical  mission¬ 
ary  just  one  year  before. 

Mrs.  E.  H.  Gray,  of  Oakland,  generously  contributed  the 
full  amount  of  her  salary,  making  it  possible  for  the 
Society  to  assume  her  support. 


11 


Thus  in  less  than  two  years,  four  missionaries  had  been 
sent  to  the  foreign  field,  and  it  was  with  feelings  of  ut¬ 
most  gratitude  that  the  Executive  Board  reviewed  the  pros¬ 
perity  which  had  attended  the  Society. 

But  in  June,  1891,  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Norvell  were  obliged  to 
lay  down  their  work  and  return  to  America,  owing  to  the 
failure  of  Mr.  Norvell’s  health. 

During  the  summer  of  1891  Miss  Phillips  was  urged  by 
Mrs.  R.  A.  Thompson,  of  Kobe,  to  go  to  Osaka  and  hold 
that  station  until  some  one  should  be  sent  there.  Osaka 
had  been  opened  by  the  Southern  Baptist  Convention,  and 
had  then  been  transferred  to  the  Missionary  Union.  The 
Union  had  no  one  whom  thev  could  send  there,  but  the  Ex- 
ecutive  Board  did  not  think  it  wise  for  Miss  Phillips  to 
take  upon  herself  the  care  and  loneliness  of  such  a  position. 

A  few  months  later  it  was  learned,  through  Rev.  J. 
Sunderland,  that  Rev.  J.  H.  Scott  and  wife  desired  to  go 
to  Japan.  For  nearly  two  years  Mr.  Scott  had  been  pastor 
of  the  Baptist  Church  at  Port  Townsend.  He  had  been 
for  several  years  in  the  ministry,  and  all  his  pastoral  work 
had  proven  him  a  faithful,  energetic  worker  for  the  Master. 
Mrs.  Scott  had  long  been  actively  identified  with  mission 
work,  having  been  associated  with  Miss  Joanna  P.  Moore 
in  her  work  among  the  Freedmen  in  the  South. 

The  return  of  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Norvell  to  America  necessi¬ 
tated  the  making  of  new  appointments  by  the  Society.  So 
the  Missionary  Union  was  notified  that  if  Mr.  and  Mrs. 
Scott  were  appointed  to  Osaka  and  Miss  Phillips  allowed  to 
go  with  them,  the  California  Society  would  make  the  effort 
to  meet  all  expenses  of  the  mission.  Accordingly  the  ap- 


12 


pointment  was  made,  and  last  year  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Scott 
an  d  M  iss  Phillips  went  to  Osaka. 

Osaka  is  one  of  the  most  important  cities  in  Japan,  and 
its  importance,  as  a  mission  station,  is  increased  by  the 
fact  that  it  is  surrounded  by  a  net-work  of  towns  which 
can  be  reached  by  the  missionaries  stationed  there.  Al¬ 
though  the  work  there  has  been  so  recently  started,  the  re¬ 
ports  are  of  the  most  encouraging  character,  giving 
promise  of  great  results  in  the  future.  In  order  to  main¬ 
tain  the  work  there,  our  efforts  as  a  Society  this  year  are 
largely  concentrated  on  that  field. 

It  is  impossible  to  report  all  that  has  been  accomplished 
by  the  Society,  for  much  of  the  work  done  could  not  be 
recorded.  But  a  review  of  the  records  shows  that  since 
the  organization  of  the  Society  we  have  raised  for  foreign 
missions  $17,202.22.  We  have,  at  different  times,  had  an 
interest  in  fifteen  mission  stations,  representing  Africa, 
India,  Burrnah,  China  and  Japan.  As  a  Society  we  have 
supported  each  year  from  one  to  four  Bible  women  and 
from  one  to  five  children  in  the  mission  schools;  aided 
several  missions  and  schools;  made  some  special  appro¬ 
priations,  and  sent  some  undesignated  funds  to  the  Mis¬ 
sionary  Union. 

In  1875  the  Society  counted  among  its  auxiliaries  only 
eight  circles,  last  year  they  reported  forty-five;  during  the 
first  year  the  receipts  were  $266.90,  last  year  they  were 
$2,371.23.  The  first  year  the  Society  supported  one  Bible 
woman,  one  girl  and  aided  one  school;  to-day  we  have  a 
missionary  family,  a  lady  missionary  and  two  Bible  women 
in  the  field,  and  have  assumed  the  support  and  education 


of  one  Japanese  girl  and  two  Christian  Burmese  girls.  We 
compare  the  work  of  the  two  years  and  gratefully  recognize 
God’s  blessings,  and  give  Him  praise  for  all  the  work  ac¬ 
complished  through  the  instrumentality  of  this  Society. 

While  it  is  intended  that  this  paper  shall  deal  with  re¬ 
sults,  rather  than  with  methods  of  work,  it  would  be  in¬ 
complete  without  a  brief  allusion  to  the  workings  of  the 
Society.  From  the  earliest  life  of  the  Society  it  has  been 
the  constant  aim  of  its  officers  to  present  the  claims  of  for¬ 
eign  missions  in  such  a  manner  that  every  woman  in  our 
Baptist  Churches  might  be  won  to  an  active  interest  in  the 
work . 

In  1886  the  Society  was  incorporated  as  an  independent 
Society  under  the  laws  of  California,  and  this  action 
necessitated  a  complete  reorganization  of  the  Society,  al¬ 
though  it  had  been  in  good  working  order  for  eleven  years. 
While  there  has  been  this  change  in  organization,  in  meth¬ 
ods  of  work  there  has  been  but  little  change  from  those 
first  adopted,  but  these  methods  have  been  enlarged  and 
developed.  Systematic  efforts  have  been  made  by  corre¬ 
spondence  and  by  personal  appeals  to  secure  the  formation 
of  Circles  and  Bands  in  every  Baptist  Church  in  the  State. 
During  the  years  1888  and  1889  Miss  L.  Ella  Miller, 
under  appointment  as  State  Organizer,  visited  the  Baptist 
Churches  in  the  State,  organizing  Circles  and  Bands  in 
many  churches  which  before  had  not  been  identified  with 
the  Woman’s  Society. 

One  of  the  greatest  helps  in  arousing  an  interest  in  for¬ 
eign  missions  has  been  the  presence  in  our  State,  from 
time  to  time,  of  missionaries  going  to  or  returning  from 


14 


their  fields.  Whenever  possible  receptions  have  been  ex¬ 
tended  to  these  faithful  workers,  a  courtesy  they  have  fully 
appreciated,  and  all  such  gatherings  have  proven  an  in¬ 
spiration  to  the  workers  at  home  and  given  an  impetus  to 
the  work. 

The  Society  has  had  its  days  of  prosperity  and  its  days 
of  adversity;  it  has  felt  the  stress  of  times,  of  financial  de¬ 
pression;  it  has  had  to  contend  with  the  constantly  chang¬ 
ing  membership  of  our  churches,  and  the  ignorance  of  and 
indifference  to  the  work  on  the  part  of  those  who  should 
have  been  well  informed  and  deeply  interested.  These 
difficulties  of  the  past  confront  the  Society  to-day  and  can 
only  be  overcome  by  the  loyalty  of  its  individual  mem¬ 
bers. 

Beyond  question,  the  measure  of  success  attained  in  the 
past  is  due  to  patient,  faithful,  prayerful  work;  and  herein 
lies  our  strength  of  future  success. 


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Note.— From  organization  up  to  1882  Oregon  contributed  $1,420.48,  and  then  withdrew  to  form  an  independent  Society,  and  Washington 
contributed  $444.08  up  to  1883,  and  then  sent  its  funds  direct  to  the  Society  of  the  West.  *  Receipts  for  1893  incomplete. 


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